Statistics By Rajat: Statistics and Research to Help

                              SPSS – What Is It S PSS  means “ S tatistical  P ackage for the  S ocial  S ciences” and was first launched in 1968. Since SPSS was acquired by IBM in 2009, it's officially known as IBM SPSS.Generally it is used to analyze various types of data of sectors and most researcher uses this tool as it is open source anybody can use it for analysis purpose. How to Read data in SPSS It can be read through various sources: 1. Statistical file of SPSS. 2. Excel/CSV 3. Database Application 4. Text file 1.Reading Statistical file of SPSS. Statistical files are saved with the .sav extension. following are the steps. Open the “ Menu ” and go to “ File ” option. Select “ Open ”. Click on “ Data ”. Search for the file sample.sav and open it. The Data Editor displays the data in the file. 2. Reading data from   Excel/CSV 1. Open the "Menu"  and go to "file" menu. 2. Click on Import Data. 3.Click on Excel/CSV 3. Reading data from  Database Applicatio

                                                   FFrequency & Frequency Distribution It tells how often something happened.The frequency of an observation tells you the number of times observation occur in the data. For e.g, the frequency of number  5 is 4. ,5,2,5,6,5,2,4,5,8,5. Frequency Distribution: It is representation of data or you can say observation within the given interval. Example: Newspapers These are the numbers of newspapers sold at a local shop over the last 10 days: 22, 20, 18, 23, 20, 25, 22, 20, 18, 20 Let us count how many of each number there is: Papers Sold Frequency 18 2 19 0 20 4 21 0 22 2 23 1 24 0 25 1 Papers Sold Frequency 15-19 2 20-24 7 25-29 1 Grouped Frequency Data: When the data is sorted and classified into classes, then it is called as Grouped frequency data. For e.g. you can refer to this:   https://www.statisticshowto.com/grouped-data/ .

Range: It is the difference between the highest and the lowest value. for example, 1. Range(team 1): 17.5 - 10.5 = 7 2.  Range(team 2): 27.7 - 0 = 27.7 As ranges takes only the count of extreme values sometimes it may not give you a good impact on variability.  In this case, you can go for another measure of variability called interquartile range (IQR). Interquartile Range (IQR):  It is a better measure of dispersion than  range  because  it leaves out the extreme values . It equally divides the distribution into four equal parts called quartiles. First 25% is 1 st  quartile (Q1), last one is 3 rd  quartile (Q3) and middle one is 2 nd  quartile (Q2). 2 nd  quartile (Q2) divides the distribution into two equal parts of 50%. So, basically it is same as  Median. How to calculate IQR: Step 1: Order from low to high Step 2: Find the median or in other words Q2 Step 3: Then find Q1 by looking the median of the left side of Q2 Steps 4: Similarly find Q3 by looking the median of the right of Q

MMEAN,MEDIAN AND MODE In order to summarize your data, you can do this using two methods : Graphs. Central Tendency methods. 1 . Graphs: Using various graphs we can easily summarize our data and get into the result. 2. Central Tendency Method: It represents the center point or typical value of dataset. It represents the data to cluster to a middle value.   Measures of Central Tendency I t can be measured through three different: 1. Mean 2. Median 3. Mode 1. Mean: It is one of the common central tendency method used.It can used for discrete and continuous data.It is given by sum of all values of dataset divided by number of values in the dataset. So if we have n values in dataset and they have values like x1,x2,x3,x4 etc.                                               Mean Formula – Example #1 Let say you have a data set with 10 data points and we want to calculate mean for that.  Data set : {4,6,8,9,22,83,98,45,87,10} 2.  Median: The median is the middle score for a set of data that h

STATISTICS It is science of  data which is mainly concerned with collection,organizing,analysis and interpretation of data by providing suitable conclusion. For eg. data from healthcare, data of company sales. Some terminology of Statistics: 1. Data: It is collection of meaningful information presented in proper format.                                                                                           1.Primary Data: The data which is collected by  directly asking the questions related to research to people or respondent  and recording the responses. Some research do this by going on ground and asking to respondent and collecting data.For e.g. Take the election exit-pool where the company asks voters whom they voted,collect all data and prepare necessary conclusion,then they sell their conclusion to various news agency whom they  had tie-up. 2. Secondary  Data: T he data which can be collected through other sources, as the company collect it from research or data-collection wh

HEY! Everyone I am Rajat a passionate researcher love to analyze data statistics and interpret various research done previously. I created this blog in order to help the research enthusiast who want to learn statistics. You will learning the statistics from basic and step-by-step through analysis.  My Approach to Teaching Statistics I want to help you to learn statistics.But I am not telling, you to learn equation Don't get me wrong.Equations are necessary. I want you to learn true essence of statistics. I will help you to learn more about the graphs.However, I'' will focus on teaching in sequential manner.After all you will use statistical tool rather you don't have to remember the formulas. Why You Need to Understand Statistics The world is shifting more towards data-driven place,to draw come with insightful conclusion to a problem statement. Even if you are not performing statistical analysis how will trust the result of others true? This only happen when you know th